PEERAGE
Last updated 23/07/2021
     Date Rank Order Name Born Died  Age
ANNESLEY
20 Sep 1758 B[I] 1 William Annesley     c 1710 12 Sep 1770
Created Baron Annesley 20 Sep 1758
and Viscount Glerawly 14 Nov 1766
12 Sep 1770 2 Francis Charles Annesley, 2nd Viscount Glerawly 27 Nov 1740 19 Dec 1802 62
17 Aug 1789 E[I] 1 Created Earl Annesley 17 Aug 1789
For details of the special remainder included
in this creation, see the note at the foot of
this page
19 Dec 1802 2 Richard Annesley 14 Apr 1745  9 Nov 1824 79
PC [I] 1798
 9 Nov 1824 3 William Richard Annesley 16 Jul 1772 25 Aug 1838 66
MP for Downpatrick 1815-1820
25 Aug 1838 4 William Richard Annesley 21 Feb 1830 10 Aug 1874 44
MP for Great Grimsby 1852-1857
10 Aug 1874 5 Hugh Annesley 26 Jan 1831 15 Dec 1908 77
MP for Cavan 1857-1874
15 Dec 1908 6 Francis Annesley 25 Feb 1884  5 Nov 1914 30
For information on the death of this peer,
see the note at the foot of this page
 5 Nov 1914 7 Walter Beresford Annesley 10 Feb 1861  7 Jul 1934 73
 7 Jul 1934 8 Beresford Cecil Bingham Annesley  4 Apr 1894 29 Jun 1957 63
29 Jun 1957 9 Robert Annesley 20 Feb 1900 21 Feb 1979 79
21 Feb 1979 10 Patrick Annesley 12 Aug 1924 2 Feb 2001 76
2 Feb 2001 11 Philip Harrison Annesley 29 Mar 1927 18 Mar 2011 83
18 Mar 2011 12 Michael Robert Annesley 4 Dec 1933
ANNESLEY OF BLETCHINGTON
 7 May 1917 B 1 Arthur Annesley,11th Viscount Valentia 23 Aug 1843 20 Jan 1927 83
Created Baron Annesley 7 May 1917
This peerage was gazetted as Baron Annesley,of 
Bletchington,in the County of Oxford. This is
somewhat unusual,given the existence of the
Earldom of Annesley
20 Jan 1927 2 Caryl Arthur James Annesley,12th Viscount
to     Valentia 3 Jul 1883 6 Oct 1949 66
6 Oct 1949 Barony extinct on his death
ANSLOW
28 Jun 1916 B 1 Tonman Mosley 16 Jan 1850 20 Aug 1933 83
to     Created Baron Anslow 28 Jun 1916
20 Aug 1933 Peerage extinct on his death
ANSON
13 Jun 1747 B 1 George Anson 22 Apr 1697 6 Jun 1762 65
to     Created Baron Anson 13 Jun 1747
6 Jun 1762 First Lord of the Admiralty 1751. MP  PC 1750
MP for Hedon 1744-1747
Peerage extinct on his death
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17 Feb 1806 V 1 Thomas Anson 14 Feb 1767 31 Jul 1818 51
Created Baron Soberton and Viscount
Anson 17 Feb 1806
MP for Lichfield 1789-1806
31 Jul 1818 2 Thomas Anson 20 Oct 1795 18 Mar 1854 58
He was created Earl of Lichfield (qv) 15 Sep 
1831 into which this title then merged
ANTRIM
12 Dec 1620 E[I] 1 Randal Macdonnell 10 Dec 1636
Created Viscount Dunluce 28 May 1618
and Earl of Antrim 12 Dec 1620
10 Dec 1636 2 Randal Macdonnell        1609  3 Feb 1682 72
26 Jan 1645 M[I] 1 Created Marquess of Antrim 26 Jan 1645
to     On his death, the Marquessate became
 3 Feb 1682 extinct
 3 Feb 1682 3 Alexander Macdonnell        1615 10 Dec 1699 84
MP for Wigan 1660-1685. Lord Lieutenant
of Antrim. Attainted by Cromwell,but
reversed 1660. Again attainted 1689, but
again reversed 1697
10 Dec 1699 4 Randal Macdonnell        1680 19 Oct 1721 41
19 Oct 1721 5 Alexander Macdonnell 22 Jul 1713 13 Oct 1775 62
PC [I] 1755
13 Oct 1775 E[I] 6 Randall William Macdonnell  4 Nov 1749 29 Jul 1791 41
to       Created Viscount Dunluce and Earl of
29 Jul 1791 Antrim 19 Jun 1785 and Marquess of
19 Jun 1785 E[I]   Antrim 18 Aug 1789
18 Aug 1789 M[I] 1 For details of the special remainders included in
to     1 the creations of 1785, see the note at the foot
29 Jul 1791 of this page
PC [I] 1786
On his death the Viscountcy of Dunluce of
1618,the Earldom of 1620 and the
Marquessate became extinct,but the 
creations of 1785 passed to -
 
29 Jul 1791 E[I] 2 Anne Catherine Macdonnell 12 Aug 1775 30 Jun 1834 58
30 Jun 1834 3 Charlotte Kerr 12 Aug 1779 22 Oct 1835 56
22 Oct 1835 4 Hugh Seymour McDonnell  7 Aug 1812 19 Jul 1855 42
19 Jul 1855 5 Mark McDonnell  3 Apr 1814 19 Dec 1869 55
19 Dec 1869 6 William Randal McDonnell  8 Jan 1851 19 Jul 1918 67
19 Jul 1918 7 Randall Mark Kerr McDonnell 10 Dec 1878 15 Jun 1932 53
15 Jun 1932 8 Randall John Somerled McDonnell 22 May 1911 26 Sep 1977 66
26 Sep 1977 9 Alexander Randal Mark McDonnell 3 Feb 1935 21 Jul 2021 86
21 Jul 2021  10 Randal Alexander St John McDonnell 2 Jul 1967
AP-ADAM
6 Feb 1299 B 1 Sir John Ap-Adam 1310
to     Summoned to Parliament as Lord Ap-Adam
1310 6 Feb 1299
On his death the peerage fell into abeyance
APSLEY
24 Jan 1771 B 1 Henry Bathurst 20 May 1714 6 Aug 1794 80
Created Baron Apsley 24 Jan 1771
He subsequently succeeded to the Earldom
of Bathurst (qv) in 1775 with which title
this peerage then merged and still remains so
ARASE
19 Oct 1706 B[S] 1 Archibald Campbell Jun 1682 15 Apr 1761 78
to     Created Lord Oransay,Dunoon and
15 Apr 1761 Arase,and Viscount and Earl of Ilay
19 Oct 1706
He subsequently succeeded to the Dukedom
of Argyll (qv) in 1743. The creations of
1706 became extinct on his death
ARBUTHNOT OF EDROM
1 Oct 2015 B[L] 1 James Norwich Arbuthnot 4 Aug 1952
Created Baron Arbuthnot of Edrom for life
1 Oct 2015
MP for Wanstead & Woodford 1987-1997 and
Hampshire North East 1997-2015. PC 1998
ARBUTHNOTT
16 Nov 1641 V[S] 1 Sir Robert Arbuthnott 10 Oct 1655
Created Lord Inverbervie and Viscount
of Arbuthnott 16 Nov 1641
10 Oct 1655 2 Robert Arbuthnott 16 Jun 1682
16 Jun 1682 3 Robert Arbuthnott        1663    Aug 1694 31
   Aug 1694 4 Robert Arbuthnott 26 Nov 1686  8 May 1710 23
 8 May 1710 5 John Arbuthnott        1692  8 May 1756 63
 8 May 1756 6 John Arbuthnott 20 Apr 1791
20 Apr 1791 7 John Arbuthnott 25 Feb 1754 27 Feb 1800 46
27 Feb 1800 8 John Arbuthnott 16 Jan 1778 10 Jan 1860 81
Lord Lieutenant Kincardine 1805-1847
10 Jan 1860 9 John Arbuthnott  4 Jun 1806 26 May 1891 84
26 May 1891 10 John Arbuthnott 20 Jul 1843 30 Nov 1895 52
30 Nov 1895 11 David Arbuthnott 29 Jan 1845 24 May 1914 69
For further information on this peer, see the
note at the foot of this page
24 May 1914 12 William Arbuthnott 26 Oct 1849  8 Nov 1917 68
 8 Nov 1917 13 Walter Charles Warner Arbuthnott 22 Oct 1847  9 Aug 1920 72
 9 Aug 1920 14 John Ogilvy Arbuthnott 15 Sep 1882 17 Oct 1960 78
Lord Lieutenant Kincardine 1926-1960
17 Oct 1960 15 Robert Keith Arbuthnott 21 Aug 1897 15 Dec 1966 69
Lord Lieutenant Kincardine 1961-1966
15 Dec 1966 16 John Campbell Arbuthnott 26 Oct 1924 14 Jul 2012 87
Lord Lieutenant Kincardine 1977-1999
KT 1996
14 Jul 2012 17 John Keith Oxley Arbuthnott 18 Jul 1950
ARCEDEKNE
15 May 1321 B 1 Thomas le Arcedekne c Aug 1331
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Arcedekne 15 May 1321
c Aug 1331 2 John le Arcedekne by Dec 1377
by Dec 1377  3 Warin le Arcedekne by Dec 1400
to     On his death the peerage is presumed to
by Dec 1400 have fallen into abeyance
ARCHER
14 Jul 1747 B 1 Thomas Archer 21 Jul 1695 19 Oct 1768 73
Created Baron Archer 14 Jul 1747
MP for Warwick 1735-1741 and Bramber 
1741-1747
19 Oct 1768 2 Andrew Archer 29 Jul 1736 25 Apr 1778 41
to     MP for Coventry 1761-1768
25 Apr 1778 Peerage extinct on his death
ARCHER OF SANDWELL
9 Jul 1992 B[L] 1 Peter Kingsley Archer 20 Nov 1926 14 Jun 2012 85
to     Created Baron Archer of Sandwell for life
14 Jun 2012 9 Jul 1992
MP for Rowley Regis & Tipton 1966-1974 
and Warley West 1974-1992. Solicitor-
General 1974-1979. PC 1977
Peerage extinct on his death
ARCHER OF WESTON-SUPER-MARE
27 Jul 1992 B[L] 1 Jeffrey Howard Archer 15 Apr 1940
  Created Baron Archer of Weston-
super-Mare for life 27 Jul 1992
MP for Louth 1969-1974
For further information on this peer, see the
note at the foot of this page.
ARCHIBALD
12 Jul 1949 B 1 George Archibald 21 Jul 1898 25 Feb 1975 76
Created Baron Archibald 12 Jul 1949
25 Feb 1975 2 George Christopher Archibald 30 Dec 1926 27 Feb 1996 69
to     He disclaimed the peerage for life 7 Mar 1975
27 Feb 1996 Peerage extinct on his death
ARDEE
19 Jul 1616 B[I]  1 Edward Brabazon 1549 7 Aug 1625 76
Created Lord Brabazon,Baron of Ardee
19 Jul 1616
See "Brabazon"
ARDELVE
18 Nov 1766 B[I] 1 Kenneth Mackenzie 15 Jan 1744 Aug 1781 37
Created Baron of Ardelve and Viscount
Fortrose 18 Nov 1766
He was subsequently created Earl of 
Seaforth in 1771,but on his death all 
peerages became extinct
ARDEN
23 May 1770 B[I] 1 Catherine Perceval,Countess of Egmont 11 Jun 1784
Created Baroness Arden 23 May 1770
11 Jun 1784 2 Charles George Perceval  1 Oct 1756  5 Jul 1840 83
28 Jul 1802 B 1 Created Baron Arden 28 Jul 1802
MP for Launceston 1780-1790, Warwick
1790-1796 and Totnes 1796-1802. Lord
Lieutenant Surrey 1830-1840
 5 Jul 1840 3 George James Perceval 14 Mar 1794 2 Aug 1874 80
2 He succeeded to the Earldom of Egmont (qv) in
1841,with which title the two baronies then merged 
and remained so until the barony of 1802 became
extinct in 1929 and the barony of 1770 became
extinct in 2011
ARDENERIE
May 1580 B[I] 1 Sir John Bourke 24 Nov 1580
Created Baron of Ardenerie May 1580
24 Nov 1580 2 William Bourke c 1560 1591
to     Peerage became dormant on his death
1591
ARDGLASS
15 Apr 1645 E[I] 1 Thomas Cromwell,4th Baron Cromwell 11 Jun 1594 1653 59
Created Viscount Lecale 22 Nov 1624
and Earl of Ardglass 15 Apr 1645
1653 2 Wingfield Cromwell 12 Sep 1622 3 Oct 1668 46
3 Oct 1668 3 Thomas Cromwell 29 Nov 1653 11 Apr 1682 28
11 Apr 1682 4 Vere Essex Cromwell 1623 26 Nov 1687 64
to     PC [I] 1685
26 Nov 1687 Peerage extinct on his death
ARDILAUN
 1 May 1880 B 1 Sir Arthur Edward Guinness  1 Nov 1840 20 Jan 1915 74
to     Created Baron Ardilaun 1 May 1880
20 Jan 1915 MP for Dublin 1868-1869 and 1874-1880
Peerage extinct on his death
ARDMANNOCH
23 Jan 1481 B[S] 1 James Stewart Mar 1476 1504 28
to     Created Lord of Brechin,Navar and
1504 Ardmannoch, and Earl of Ross 
23 Jan 1481
Second son of James III of Scotland
Peerages extinct on his death
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15 May 1565 B[S] 1 Henry Stuart 1545 10 Feb 1567 21
  Created Lord Ardmannoch and Earl of
Ross 15 May 1565,and Duke of Albany
20 Jul 1565
See "Albany"
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
23 Dec 1600 B[S] 1 Charles Stuart 19 Nov 1600 30 Jan 1649 48
to     Created Lord Ardmannoch,Earl of
27 Mar 1625 Ross,Marquess of Ormond and Duke
of Albany 23 Dec 1600
He succeeded to the throne of England
in 1625,when the peerage merged with the
Crown
ARDROSSAN
21 Feb 1806 B 1 Hugh Montgomerie,12th Earl of Eglintoun 5 Nov 1739 14 Dec 1819 80
Created Baron Ardrossan 21 Feb 1806
See "Eglintoun"
ARDWICK
16 Jan 1970 B[L] 1 John Cowburn Beavan 19 Apr 1910 18 Aug 1994 84
to     Created Baron Ardwick for life 16 Jan 1970
18 Aug 1994 Peerage extinct on his death
ARGYLL
       1457 E[S] 1 Colin Campbell,2nd Lord Campbell 10 May 1493
Created Earl of Argyll 1457
10 May 1493   2 Archibald Campbell  9 Sep 1513
 9 Sep 1513   3 Colin Campbell    Oct 1529
   Oct 1529   4 Archibald Campbell        1558
       1558   5 Archibald Campbell     c 1532 12 Sep 1575
PC 1571, Chancellor of Scotland 1573
12 Sep 1575   6 Colin Campbell    Oct 1584
Chancellor of Scotland 1579-1584
   Oct 1584   7 Archibald Campbell        1576        1638 62
       1638   8 Archibald Campbell        1597 27 May 1661 63
15 Nov 1641 M[S] 1 Created Marquess of Argyll 
to     15 Nov 1641
27 May 1661 PC 1626 
He was tried for high treason and executed
when all honours were forfeited
16 Oct 1663   9 Archibald Campbell     c 1625 30 Jun 1685
Restored to the Earldom 16 Oct 1663. 
attainted 1681,executed 1685 when 
honours forfeited
       1689   10 Archibald Campbell 21 Oct 1703
23 Jun 1701 D[S] 1 Created Lord of Inverary,Mull,Morvern
and Tirie,Viscount of Lochow and
Glenyla,Earl of Campbell and Cowall,
Marquess of Kintyre and Lorn and Duke
of Argyll 23 Jun 1701
Obtained reversal of attainder 1689
21 Oct 1703   2 John Campbell 10 Oct 1680  4 Oct 1743 62
Created Baron of Chatham and Earl of
Greenwich 26 Nov 1705 and Duke of
Greenwich 27 Apr 1719
PC 1709  KT 1704  KG 1710  Lord Lieutenant
Surrey 1715-1716
On his death the Earldom and Dukedom of
Greenwich became extinct
 4 Oct 1743   3 Archibald Campbell    Jun 1682 15 Apr 1761 78
Created Lord Oransay,Dunoon and
Arase,and Viscount and Earl of Ilay
19 Oct 1706 -these titles extinct on his death
PC 1711, Privy Seal of Scotland 1721
15 Apr 1761   4 John Campbell     c 1693  9 Nov 1770
MP Buteshire 1713-1715, Elgin 1715-1722
& 1725-1727 and Dunbartonshire 1727-1761
PC 1762  KT 1765
 9 Nov 1770   5 John Campbell    Jun 1723 24 May 1806 82
Created Baron Sundridge 22 Dec 1766
MP Glasgow 1744-1761, Dover 1765-1766
Lord Lieutenant Argyll 1794-1806
24 May 1806   6 George William Campbell 22 Sep 1766 22 Oct 1839 73
MP St.Germans 1790-1796,  PC 1833
Lord Lieutenant Argyll 1806-1839
22 Oct 1839   7 John Douglas Edward Henry Campbell 21 Dec 1777 25 Apr 1847 69
MP Argyllshire 1799-1822
25 Apr 1847   8 George Douglas Campbell 30 Apr 1823 24 Apr 1900 76
7 Apr 1892 1 Created Duke of Argyll [UK] 7 Apr 1892
Lord Privy Seal 1853 ,1859-1866 and 1880-
1881.Postmaster General 1855-1858. 
Secretary of State for India 1868-1874
Lord Lieutenant of Argyll 1862-1900. PC 1853,
KT 1856, KG 1884
24 Apr 1900   9 John George Edward Henry Douglas Sutherland  6 Aug 1845  2 May 1914 68
2 Campbell
  MP Argyllshire 1868-1878, Manchester
South 1895-1900. Governor General of 
Canada 1878-1883. Lord Lieutenant of
Argyll 1900-1914. KT 1871  PC 1875  KG 1911
 2 May 1914   10 Niall Diarmid Sutherland Campbell 16 Feb 1872 20 Aug 1949 77
3 Lord Lieutenant Argyll 1922-1949
20 Aug 1949   11 Ian Douglas Campbell 18 Jun 1903  7 Apr 1973 69
4 For further information on his wife, Margaret, see
the note at the foot of this page.
 7 Apr 1973   12 Ian Campbell 28 Aug 1937 21 Apr 2001 63
5 Lord Lieutenant Argyll and Bute 1994-2001
21 Apr 2001 13 Torquhil Ian Campbell 29 May 1968
6
ARKLOW
27 Nov 1801 B 1 H R H Augustus Frederick 27 Jan 1773 21 Apr 1843 70
to     Created Baron of Arklow,Earl of
21 Apr 1843 Inverness and Duke of Sussex 
27 Nov 1801
Sixth son of George III
Peerages extinct on his death
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24 May 1881 B 1 H R H Leopold George Duncan Albert  7 Apr 1853 28 Mar 1884 30
Created Baron Arklow,Earl of
Clarence and Duke of Albany 
24 May 1881
See "Albany"
ARLINGTON
22 Apr 1672 E 1 Henry Bennet 6 Sep 1618 28 Jul 1685 66
Created Baron Arlington 14 Mar 1665
and Baron Arlington,Viscount
Thetford and Earl of Arlington
22 Apr 1672
Secretary of State 1668. KG 1672  Lord
Lieutenant Suffolk 1681-1685  PC 1679
28 Jul 1685 2 Isabella Fitzroy,Duchess of Grafton 1668 7 Feb 1723 54
7 Feb 1723 3 Charles Fitzroy,2nd Duke of Grafton 25 Oct 1683 6 May 1757 73
6 May 1757 4 Augustus Henry Fitroy,3rd Duke of Grafton 28 Sep 1735 14 Mar 1811 75
14 Mar 1811 5 George Henry Fitzroy,4th Duke of Grafton 14 Jan 1760 28 Sep 1844 84
28 Sep 1844 6 Henry Fitzroy,5th Duke of Grafton 10 Feb 1790 26 Mar 1863 73
26 Mar 1863 7 William Henry Fitzroy,6th Duke of Grafton 4 Aug 1819 21 May 1882 62
21 May 1882 8 Augustus Charles Lennox Fitzroy,7th Duke
of Grafton 22 Jun 1821 4 Dec 1918 97
4 Dec 1918 9 Alfred William Maitland Fitzroy,8th Duke
of Grafton 3 Mar 1850 10 Jan 1930 79
10 Jan 1930 10 John Charles William Fitzroy,9th Duke of 
to     Grafton 1 Aug 1914 4 Aug 1936 22
4 Aug 1936 On his death the peerages fell into abeyance
May 1999 B 11 Jennifer Jane Forwood 7 May 1939
Barony called out of abeyance in her favour 
1999
For further information on this peeress,see the
note at the foot of this page
ARMAGH
24 Apr 1799 E[I] 1 H R H Ernest Augustus 6 Jun 1771 18 Nov 1851 80
Created Earl of Armagh and Duke of
Cumberland 24 Apr 1799
Fifth son of George III
See "Cumberland and Tiviotdale"
ARMAGHDALE
17 Jan 1918 B 1 Sir John Brownlee Lonsdale,1st baronet 23 Mar 1850 11 Jun 1924 74
to     Created Baron Armaghdale 17 Jan 1918
11 Jun 1924 MP for Armagh Mid 1899-1918. Lord
Lieutenant Armagh 1920-1924
Peerage extinct on his death
ARMITSTEAD
19 Jul 1906 B 1 George Armitstead 28 Feb 1824  7 Dec 1915 91
to     Created Baron Armitstead 19 Jul 1906
7 Dec 1915 MP for Dundee 1868-1873 and 1880-1885
Peerage extinct on his death
ARMSTRONG
 6 Jul 1887 B 1 Sir William George Armstrong 26 Nov 1810 27 Dec 1900 90
to     Created Baron Armstrong 6 Jul 1887
27 Dec 1900 Peerage extinct on his death
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 4 Aug 1903 B 1 William Henry Armstrong Fitzpatrick
Watson-Armstrong  3 May 1863 15 Oct 1941 78
Created Baron Armstrong 4 Aug 1903
15 Oct 1941 2 William John Montagu Watson-Armstrong 10 Oct 1892  6 Jul 1972 79
 6 Jul 1972 3 William Henry Cecil John Robin
to     Watson-Armstrong  6 Mar 1919 1 Oct 1987 68
1 Oct 1987 Peerage extinct on his death
ARMSTRONG OF HILL TOP
18 Jun 2010 B[L] 1 Hilary Jane Armstrong 30 Nov 1945
Created Baroness Armstrong of Hill Top for
life 18 Jun 2010
MP for Durham North West 1987-2010
Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury 2001-
2006. Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
2006-2007.  PC 1999
ARMSTRONG OF ILMINSTER
26 Feb 1988 B[L] 1 Sir Robert Temple Armstrong 30 Mar 1927
Created Baron Armstrong of Ilminster
for life 26 Feb 1988
ARMSTRONG OF SANDERSTEAD
29 Jan 1975 B[L] 1 Sir William Armstrong 3 Mar 1915 12 Jul 1980 65
to    Created Baron Armstrong of Sanderstead
12 Jul 1980 for life 29 Jan 1975
PC 1973
Peerage extinct on his death
ARMSTRONG-JONES
16 Nov 1999 B[L] 1 Anthony Charles Robert Armstrong-Jones, 7 Mar 1930 13 Jan 2017 86
to     1st Earl of Snowdon 
13 Jan 2017 Created Baron Armstrong-Jones for life
16 Nov 1999
Peerage extinct on his death
ARNOLD
12 Feb 1924 B 1 Sydney Arnold 13 Jan 1878  3 Aug 1945 67
to     Created Baron Arnold 12 Feb 1924
3 Aug 1945 MP for Holmfirth 1912-1918 and
Penistone 1918-1921. Paymaster General
1929-1931
Peerage extinct on his death
ARRAN  [IRELAND]
13 May 1662 E[I] 1 Lord Richard Butler 15 Jun 1639 25 Jan 1686 46
to     Created Baron Butler of 
25 Jan 1686 Cloughgrenan,Viscount Tullogh and
Earl of Arran 13 May 1662,and Baron
Butler of Weston [E] 27 Aug 1673
Peerage extinct on his death
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8 Mar 1693 E[I] 1 Charles Butler 4 Sep 1671 17 Dec 1758 87
to     Created Baron of Cloughgrenan,
17 Dec 1758 Viscount of Tullogh and Earl of 
Arran 8 Mar 1693,and Baron Butler
of Weston 23 Jan 1694
He later [1745] succeeded as 7th Earl of Ormonde
and 3rd Duke of Ormonde
The above peerages (and the Dukedom) became
extinct on his death
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12 Apr 1762 E[I] 1 Sir Arthur Gore,3rd baronet 1703 17 Apr 1773 69
Created Baron Saunders and Viscount
Sudley 15 Aug 1758 and Earl of 
Arran 12 Apr 1762
PC [I] 1748
17 Apr 1773 2 Arthur Saunders Gore 25 Jul 1734  8 Oct 1809 75
PC [I] 1771.  KP 1783
 8 Oct 1809 3 Arthur Saunders Gore 20 Jul 1761 20 Jan 1837 75
MP for Donegal 1801-1806
20 Jan 1837 4 Philip Yorke Gore 23 Nov 1801 25 Jun 1884 82
KP 1841
25 Jun 1884 5 Arthur Saunders Gore  6 Jan 1839 14 Mar 1901 62
Created Baron Sudley 7 Nov 1884
KP 1898. Lord Lieutenant Mayo 1889-1901
14 Mar 1901 6 Arthur Jocelyn Charles Gore 14 Sep 1868 19 Dec 1958 90
KP 1909, PC [I] 1917, Lord Lieutenant
Donegal 1917-1920
19 Dec 1958 7 Arthur Paul John James Charles Gore 31 Jul 1903 28 Dec 1958 55
28 Dec 1958 8 Arthur Kattendyke Strange Archibald Gore  5 Jul 1910 23 Feb 1983 72
 
23 Feb 1983 9 Arthur Desmond Colquhoun Gore  [Elected 14 Jul 1938
hereditary peer 1999-]
ARRAN  [SCOTLAND]
 
 
26 Apr 1467 E[S] 1 Thomas Boyd c 1472
to     Created Earl of Arran 26 Apr 1467
1469 He was attainted 1469 and the title
forfeited
 
      -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
 
11 Aug 1503 E [S] 1 James Hamilton c 1475 c 1529
Created Earl of Arran 11 Aug 1503
 
c 1529 2 James Hamilton 22 Jan 1575
Regent of Scotland 1542-1554
 
22 Jan 1575 3 James Hamilton Mar 1609
  He resigned the Earldom in 1581 in favour
  of James Stewart (see below). After James
Stewart was attainted in 1585, he was
restored to the Earldom in 1586.
 
   Mar 1609 4 James Hamilton,2nd Marquess of Hamilton 1589 2 Mar 1625 36
 
 2 Mar 1625 5 James Hamilton,3rd Marquess of Hamilton 19 Jun 1606 9 Mar 1649 42
12 Apr 1643 E[S] 1 Created Lord Aven and Innerdale,Earl
of Arran,Marquess of Clydesdale and
Duke of Hamilton 12 Apr 1643
 
9 Mar 1649 6 William Hamilton,2nd Duke of Hamilton 14 Dec 1616 2 Sep 1651 34
On his death the creation of 1643 passed to
the Duchess of Hamilton (qv) while the
original creation of 1503 became dormant
 
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28 Oct 1581 E[S] 1 James Stewart 1596
Created Lord of Avane and Hamilton,
and Earl of Arran 28 Oct 1581
He was attainted 1585 when the peerage
was forfeited
 
 
 
ARRASS
 
 
See "Macdonnell and Arrass" cr 1660
 
 
 
ARUNDEL
 
 
Dec 1067 E 1 Roger de Montgomery 27 Jul 1094
Created Earl of Arundel Dec 1067
 
27 Jul 1094 2 Hugh de Montgomery 1098
 
1098 3 Robert de Bellesme
to     He was attainted and exiled 1102 when the
1102 peerage was forfeited
 
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1138 E 1 William de Albini 12 Oct 1176
He married Adelicia in 1138 and 
acquired the Earldom of Arundel
 
12 Oct 1176 2 William de Albini 24 Dec 1193
 
24 Dec 1193 3 William de Albini Mar 1221
 
Mar 1221 4 William de Albini Aug 1224
 
Aug 1224 5 Hugh de Albini c 1215  7 May 1243
 
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1289 E 1 Richard Fitz-Alan 3 Feb 1267 1302 35
Created Earl of Arundel 1289
 
1302 2 Edmund Fitz-Alan 1 May 1285 17 Nov 1326 41
to     He was attainted and executed 1326 when
1326 the peerage was forfeited
 
1331 3 Richard Fitz-Alan c 1306 24 Jan 1376
Restored to the peerage 1331
 
24 Jan 1376 4 Richard Fitz-Alan c 1348 21 Sep 1397
to     KG 1386
1397 He was attainted and executed 1397 when
the peerage was forfeited
 
Oct 1400 5 Thomas Fitz-Alan 13 Oct 1381 13 Oct 1415 34
Restored to the peerage Oct 1400
KG 1400
 
13 Oct 1415 6 John Fitz-Alan 1 Aug 1385 21 Apr 1421 35
 
21 Apr 1421 7 John Fitz-Alan 14 Feb 1408 12 Jun 1435 27
KG 1432
 
12 Jun 1435 8 Humphrey Fitz-Alan Jan 1429 24 Apr 1438 9
 
24 Apr 1438   9 William Fitz-Alan 23 Nov 1417 early 1488 70
KG 1471
 
early 1488 10 Thomas Fitz-Alan 25 Oct 1524
KG 1474
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Lord Maltravers in 1482
 
25 Oct 1524 11 William Fitz-Alan c 1484 23 Jan 1544
KG 1525
 
23 Jan 1544 12 Henry Fitz-Alan c 1513 24 Feb 1580
KG 1544
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Lord Maltravers 5 Feb 1533
 
24 Feb 1580 13 Philip Howard 28 Jun 1557 19 Oct 1595 38
to     He was attainted and the peerage 
1589 forfeited in 1589
 
1604 14 Thomas Howard 7 Jul 1585 26 Sep 1646 61
Restored to the peerage 1604
KG 1611
Lord Lieutenant Surrey 1635
 
26 Sep 1646 15 Henry Frederick Howard 15 Aug 1608 17 Apr 1652 43
 
17 Apr 1652 16 Thomas Howard 9 Mar 1627 13 Dec 1677 50
He was restored to the Dukedom of
Norfolk in 1660 into which this peerage 
then merged
 
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 4 Aug 1377 B 1 John d'Arundel 16 Dec 1379
Summoned to Parliament as Lord 
Arundel 4 Aug 1377
 
16 Dec 1379 2 John d'Arundel 30 Nov 1364 14 Aug 1390 24
 
14 Aug 1390 3 John d'Arundel  (or Fitz-Alan) 1 Aug 1385 21 Apr 1421 35
  He succeeded to the Earldom of
Arundel in 1415 (see above) with which
title this peerage then merged
 
 
 
ARUNDELL OF TRERICE
 
 
23 Mar 1664 B 1 Richard Arundell c 1616 7 Sep 1687
Created Baron Arundell of Trerice
23 Mar 1664
MP for Bere Alston 1660-1661 and 1662-1664
 
7 Sep 1687 2 John Arundell Aug 1649 23 Jun 1698 48
 
23 Jun 1698 3 John Arundell 25 Feb 1678 24 Sep 1706 28
 
24 Sep 1706 4 John Arundell 21 Nov 1701 13 Aug 1768 66
to     Peerage extinct on his death
13 Aug 1768  
 
 
 
ARUNDELL OF WARDOUR
4 May 1605 B 1 Thomas Arundell     c 1560 7 Nov 1639
Created Baron Arundell of Wardour
4 May 1605
For further information on this peer, see the
note at the foot of this page.
7 Nov 1639 2 Thomas Arundell     c 1586 16 May 1643
For further information on this peer's wife, see the
note at the foot of this page.
16 May 1643 3 Henry Arundell 20 Feb 1606 28 Dec 1694 88
PC 1686. Lord Privy Seal 1686
28 Dec 1694 4 Thomas Arundell 1633 10 Feb 1712 78
10 Feb 1712 5 Henry Arundell 20 Apr 1726
20 Apr 1726 6 Henry Arundell 4 Oct 1694 30 Jun 1746 51
30 Jun 1746 7 Henry Arundell  4 Oct 1717 12 Sep 1756 38
12 Sep 1756 8 Henry Arundell 21 Mar 1740 4 Dec 1808 68
4 Dec 1808 9 James Everard Arundell  4 Mar 1763 14 Jul 1817 54
14 Jul 1817 10 James Everard Arundell 3 Nov 1785 21 Jun 1834 48
21 Jun 1834 11 Henry Benedict Arundell 12 Nov 1804 19 Oct 1862 57
19 Oct 1862 12 John Francis Arundell 28 Dec 1831 26 Oct 1906 74
26 Oct 1906 13 Everard Aloysius Gonzaga Arundell 6 Sep 1834 11 Jul 1907 72
11 Jul 1907 14 Edgar Clifford Arundell 20 Dec 1859 8 Dec 1921 61
8 Dec 1921 15 Gerald Arthur Arundell 11 Dec 1861 30 Mar 1939 77
30 Mar 1939 16 John Francis Arundell 18 Jun 1907 25 Sep 1944 37
to     Peerage extinct on his death
25 Sep 1944
ARWYN
29 Dec 1964 B[L] 1 Arwyn Randall Arwyn [formerly Davies - name 17 Apr 1897 23 Feb 1978 80
to     changed by deed poll 14 Dec 1964]
23 Feb 1978 Created Baron Arwyn for life 29 Dec 1964
Peerage extinct on his death
ASCOTT
2 Aug 1628 V 1 Robert Dormer,2nd Baron Dormer 20 Sep 1643
Created Viscount Ascott and Earl of
Carnarvon 2 Aug 1628
See "Carnarvon"
ASHBOURNE
 4 Jul 1885 B 1 Edward Gibson  4 Sep 1837 22 May 1913 75
Created Baron Ashbourne 4 Jul 1885
MP for Dublin University 1875-1885. 
Attorney General for Ireland 1877-1880. 
Lord Chancellor of Ireland 1885-1886,
1886-1892 and 1895-1905. PC [I] 1877.
PC 1885
22 May 1913 2 William Gibson 16 Dec 1868 21 Jan 1942 73
21 Jan 1942 3 Edward Russell Gibson  1 Jun 1901 3 Sep 1983 82
3 Sep 1983 4 Edward Barry Greynville Gibson, RN. 28 Jan 1933 6 Oct 2020 87
6 Oct 2020 5 Edward Charles d'Olier Gibson 31 Dec 1967
ASHBROOK
30 Sep 1751 V[I] 1 Henry Flower,2nd Baron Castle Durrow 27 Jun 1752
Created Viscount Ashbrook 30 Sep 1751
27 Jun 1752 2 William Flower 25 Jun 1744 30 Aug 1780 36
30 Aug 1780 3 William Flower 19 Oct 1767  6 Jan 1802 34
 6 Jan 1802 4 Henry Jeffrey Flower  6 Nov 1776  4 May 1847 70
 4 May 1847 5 Henry Flower 17 Jun 1806  3 Aug 1871 65
 3 Aug 1871 6 Henry Jeffrey Flower 26 Mar 1829 14 Dec 1882 53
14 Dec 1882 7 William Spencer Flower 23 Mar 1830 25 Nov 1906 76
25 Nov 1906 8 Robert Thomas Flower  1 Apr 1836  9 Mar 1919 82
 9 Mar 1919 9 Llowarch Robert Flower  9 Jul 1870 30 Aug 1936 66
30 Aug 1936 10 Desmond Llowarch Edward Flower  9 Jul 1905 5 Dec 1995 90
5 Dec 1995 11 Michael Llowarch Warburton Flower 9 Dec 1935
ASHBURNHAM
20 May 1689 B 1 John Ashburnham 15 Jan 1656 21 Jan 1710 54
Created Baron Ashburnham 20 May 1689
MP for Hastings 1679-1681 and 1685-1689
21 Jan 1710 2 William Ashburnham 21 May 1679 16 Jun 1710 31
MP for Hastings 1702-1710
16 Jun 1710 3 John Ashburnham 13 Mar 1687 10 Mar 1737 49
14 May 1730 E 1 Created Viscount St.Asaph and Earl of
Ashburnham 14 May 1730
MP for Hastings 1710
10 Mar 1737 2 John Ashburnham 30 Oct 1724 8 Apr 1812 87
Lord Lieutenant Sussex 1754-1757  PC 1765
8 Apr 1812 3 George Ashburnham 25 Dec 1760 27 Oct 1830 69
KG 1829
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Ashburnham 23 Mar 1803
27 Oct 1830 4 Bertram Ashburnham 23 Nov 1797 22 Jun 1878 80
22 Jun 1878 5 Bertram Ashburnham 28 Oct 1840 15 Jan 1913 72
15 Jan 1913 6 Thomas Ashburnham 8 Apr 1855 12 May 1924 69
to    Peerages extinct on his death
12 May 1924
ASHBURTON
8 Apr 1782 B 1 John Dunning 18 Oct 1731 18 Aug 1783 51
Created Baron Ashburton 8 Apr 1782
MP for Calne 1768-1782. Solicitor
General 1767-1770. Chancellor of the
Duchy of Lancaster 1782-1783. PC 1782
18 Aug 1783 2 Richard Barre Dunning 17 Sep 1782 Feb 1823 40
to     Peerage extinct on his death
Feb 1823
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
10 Apr 1835 B 1 Alexander Baring 27 Oct 1774 12 May 1848 73
Created Baron Ashburton 10 Apr 1835
MP for Taunton 1806-1826, Callington
1826-1831, Thetford 1831-1832 and
Essex North 1832-1835. PC 1834
12 May 1848 2 William Bingham Baring    Jun 1799 23 Mar 1864 64
MP for Thetford 1826-1830, Callington
1830-1831, Winchester 1832-1837, 
Staffordshire North 1837-1841 and 
Thetford 1841-1848. PC 1845
23 Mar 1864 3 Francis Baring 20 May 1800  6 Sep 1868 68
MP for Thetford 1830-1831, 1832-1841
and 1848-1857
 6 Sep 1868 4 Alexander Hugh Baring 4 May 1835 18 Jul 1889 54
MP for Thetford 1857-1867
18 Jul 1889 5 Francis Denzil Edward Baring 20 Jul 1866 27 Mar 1938 71
27 Mar 1938 6 Alexander Francis St.Vincent Baring  7 Apr 1898 12 Jun 1991 93
KG 1969. Lord Lieutenant Hampshire 1960-
1973
12 Jun 1991 7 John Francis Harcourt Baring 2 Nov 1928 6 Oct 2020 91
KG 1994
6 Oct 2020 8 Mark Francis Robert Baring 17 Aug 1958
ASHBY
6 Jul 1973 B[L] 1 Sir Eric Ashby 24 Aug 1904 22 Oct 1992 88
to     Created Baron Ashby for life 6 Jul 1973
22 Oct 1992 Peerage extinct on his death
ASHBY ST.LEDGERS
15 Mar 1910 B 1 Ivor Churchill Guest 16 Jan 1873 14 Jun 1939 66
Created Baron Ashby St.Ledgers 
15 Mar 1910
He was subsequently created Viscount
Wimborne (qv) in 1918
ASHCOMBE
22 Aug 1892 B 1 George Cubitt  4 Jun 1828 26 Feb 1917 88
Created Baron Ashcombe 22 Aug 1892
MP for Surrey West 1860-1885 and
Epsom 1885-1892. PC 1880
26 Feb 1917 2 Henry Cubitt 14 Mar 1867 27 Oct 1947 80
MP for Reigate 1892-1906. Lord Lieutenant
Surrey 1905-1939
27 Oct 1947 3 Roland Calvert Cubitt 26 Jan 1899 28 Oct 1962 63
28 Oct 1962 4 Henry Edward Cubitt 31 Mar 1924 4 Dec 2013 89
4 Dec 2013 5 Mark Edward Cubitt 29 Feb 1964
The special remainder to the Earldom of Annesley created in 1789
From the "London Gazette" of 18 August 1789 (issue 13124, page 557):-
'His Majesty's Royal Letters being received granting the following Dignities, Letters Patent are
preparing to be passed under the Great Seal of this Kingdom accordingly [including] to Francis
Charles Viscount Glerawly the Dignity of Earl Annesley, of Castlewellan, in the County of Down,
to him and the Heirs Male of his Body, and in Default of such Issue, to his Brother, the Honourable
Richard Annesley, and the Heirs Male of his Body.'
Francis Annesley, 6th Earl Annesley
The 6th Earl was killed in November 1914, as reported in 'The Times' of 9 December 1914:-
'A message received from Newcastle, County Down, yesterday from Lady Annesley, who is now 
in London, states that the aeroplane in which were Lord Annesley and Flight-Lieutenant Beevor 
was shot down by the Germans while it was flying over Ostend on November 5. Both the airmen
were instantly killed. 
'It was announced by the Secretary of the Admiralty on November 11 that Flight-Lieutenant
Beevor, R.N., with Sub-Lieutenant Earl Annesley, R.N.V.R., as passenger, left Eastchurch to fly
across on the 5th, but that the machine never reached its destination. In spite of careful 
search with aeroplanes, seaplanes and control ships, no tidings of the missing airmen had been
received.'
The special remainders to the Viscountcy of Dunluce and the Earldom of Antrim
created in 1785
From the "London Gazette" of 2 July 1785 (issue 12661, page 322):-
'The King has been pleased to order Letters Patent to be passed under the Great Seal of the
Kingdom of Ireland, containing His Majesty's Grant of the Dignities of Viscount and Earl of the said
Kingdom to the Right Honourable Randal William Earl of Antrim, and the Heirs Male of his Body
lawfully begotten, by the Name, Stile and Title of Viscount Dunluce, in the County of Antrim, and
Earl of Antrim, in the said County, with Remainders to the first and every other Daughter of the
Body of the said Earl, and the Heirs Male of their respective Bodies lawfully begotten.'
David Arbuthnott, 11th Viscount Arbuthnott
Although he had been viewed as being of unsound mind in Scotland, the 11th Viscount was not
so viewed in England, thereby causing a deal of confusion in the management of his English
estates. This situation was resolved in 1898, as reported by the "Middlesbrough North-Eastern
Daily Gazette" of 28 March 1898:-
'Mr. Fisher, Q.C., a Master in Lunacy, and a jury, on Saturday held an enquiry at the County
Hotel, Carlisle, into the sanity of Viscount Arbuthnot, whose address was given as the Royal
Lunatic Asylum. Montrose. Mr. F.W. Chance, Morton, was foreman of the jury. Mr. Herbert
Chitty, barrister-at-law, appeared for the petitioner, the Hon. William Arbuthnot, a younger
brother of Lord Arbuthnot, and asked the jury to come to the conclusion that his lordship was
of unsound mind and incapable of managing himself or his affairs.
'Lord Arbuthnot was about 53 years of age, and had been an imbecile practically from boyhood.
As long ago as 1868 his father took proceedings in the Scottish Courts and was appointed to
manage his affairs. From that time he had been under control in one asylum or another by order
of the Courts. The English Courts, while they recognise the jurisdiction of a curator appointed
in Scotland so far as personal property was concerned, did not recognise him for the purposes
of real property; and in 1895, upon the death of his elder brother, the present Viscount came
into the title and became the tenant for life of the family estates in Dorsetshire and Somerset-
shire. The consequence was that unless proceedings were taken and a verdict found that he
was incapable of managing his affairs, there would be nobody capable of managing the family
estates in England, and they would go to wrack and ruin. Evidence having been called, the 
jury found that Lord Arbuthnot was of unsound mind.'
Between about 1891 and at least 1923, a syndicated column by the "Marquise de Fontenoy"
appeared on a daily basis in a number of major American newspapers, notably the "Chicago Daily
Tribune" and the "Washington Post." The "Marquise de Fontenoy" was the nom-de-plume of 
Frederick Cunliffe-Owen (1855-1926) who specialised in writing articles relating to British and
European aristocratic society, for consumption by American readers.
The following article appeared as part of the Marquise's column in the "Chicago Daily Tribune"
on 5 April 1898:-
'To the long list of crazy English peers must now be added the name of Viscount Arbuthnot,
head of one of the most ancient and illustrious houses of Scotland, who has just been 
officially declared insane by the English courts. He only succeeded to the peerage three years
ago, and since that time has been an inmate of a lunatic asylum at Montrose.
'There is no doubt about his being mad as a March hare from a Scotch point of view. But there
has been considerable difficulty about getting the English courts to look upon his eccentricities
in the same light. Yet this was necessary, as there are large estates in the English Counties 
of Dorset and Somerset which go with the title, and which it was impossible to administer or
manage by means of trustees as long as he was not judicially declared insane by English 
tribunals.
'In order to show the delightful condition of affairs which this possession of distinct judicial
systems by the two kingdoms of Scotland and of England have entailed in this particular case,
I may mention that until now Lord Arbuthnot has only been judicially a lunatic north of the
Tweed, and that while in Scotland his affairs have been managed for some time past by
trustees in consequence of his lunacy, he has legally retained control of his English estates,
for the administration of which nothing could be done without obtaining his signature from the
lunatic asylum in which he is confined in Scotland. Being a Scotch peer, he has no hereditary
seat in the House of Lords, which is rather an advantage. For there is nothing in the British
constitution or code of justice which prevents members of the House of Lords mentally
afflicted from casting their vote upon questions of national importance……and in the House
of Lords it is sometimes a single vote which decides the fate of a great issue.
'There is no doubt as to the legality and validity of the vote in the Upper House cast by a 
lunatic peer. It is a matter that has been decided by Parliament and confirmed by the Courts
of law at the time of the passage of the Catholic emancipation bill prior to the accession of
Queen Victoria, and was reaffirmed by the National Legislature at the time of the memorable
defeat of Mr. Gladstone's home rule bill [8 September 1893], when Viscount Hereford, the
Earl of Wilton and two or three other peers were brought down from their respective mad-
houses to vote against the grant by England of long delayed justice to Ireland.
'Curiously enough, neither the English law nor yet the National Legislature, will admit the
validity of the vote cast in the Lower Chamber by a member of the Commons, who may happen
to have become insane [but only since 1886]. That is to say, that a crazy Lord is held by law
to possess more qualifications for the performance of legislative duties than a crazy Commoner.
It is for the reader to judge whether this must be regarded as a compliment to the Lords, or
whether it is a reflection on the importance or the reverse of their legislative duties.'
Jeffrey Howard Archer, Baron Archer of Weston-super-Mare
Archer was charged in 2001 with perjury and conspiracy to pervert the course of justice. The
allegations referred to an earlier civil action in which Archer had won substantial damages from
a newspaper for suggesting that he had slept with a prostitute named Monica Coghlan. In the
criminal trial he was found guilty and sentenced to four years in prison. 
According to "Brewers Rogues, Villains and Eccentrics", Archer's father, William (1879-1957),
was also somewhat less than honest. In 1914, he was charged with defrauding the public while
posing as a mortgage broker. He jumped bail and departed for France, where he called himself
William Grimwood and worked as a hospital orderly. In 1916 he travelled to America on a false
passport and posed as an army surgeon recovering from a war wound. To back up this story he
had compiled an album of false photographs that showed him in uniform. With the help of a
bogus degree from Oxford University he then set up a charity that claimed to be raising money
for injured soldiers. In 1917, he was arrested to taking money by false pretences and sentenced
by an American court to three years in prison. He was released after 10 months and departed to
Canada. Here, he re-offended and was sentenced to a year's hard labour. Before he could serve
his sentence he was deported to Britain, where he was arrested and sent back to the Old Bailey
to face a charge of jumping bail. He spent seven weeks in prison on remand before the
prosecution dropped the case after one witness died and another moved to France.
Margaret, Duchess of Argyll (1912-1993)
The Duchess was the only daughter of George Wigham, a self-made businessman from Glasgow.
She was voted "Deb of the Year' in 1930 and subsequently turned down an offer of marriage 
from Max Aitken, son of Lord Beaverbrook, and broke off her engagement to Prince Aly Khan in 
favour of the Earl of Warwick, who she subsequently deserted for Charles Sweeney, an 
American golfer.
Margaret was nearly killed in 1943 after she fell 40 feet down an elevator shaft. When she
recovered, she had lost all sense of taste and smell due to nerve damage. At the same time,
however, she had also become sexually voracious, to the point of nymphomania.
Sweeney discouraged his wife from leading an ostentatious life during World War II, so she
she consoled herself with American servicemen. She and Sweeney had two surviving
children - Frances, later Duchess of Rutland, and Brian - but the marriage failed. She then 
married the 11th Duke of Argyll in 1951.
In 1963, the Duke instigated divorce proceedings in Edinburgh before Lord Wheatley. The case
involved the production in court of a diary, stolen by the Duke, in which the Duchess had listed 
the physical attributes of her many lovers as if, in the words of her Daily Telegraph obituary, 
'she was running them at Newmarket.' Even more of a sensation was caused by the production 
of photographs in which the Duchess, naked apart from three strings of pearls, was seen to be
fellating someone who was soon to pass into folklore as 'the Headless Man'. In another photo
found in her boudoir, a man was seen to be masturbating.
In his 40,000-word summing up, Lord Wheatley found that the Duchess had committed adultery
with at least four men - the West German Ambassador at the UN, the public relations officer of
the Savoy Hotel, an American businessman whose habits the judge likened to those of a tomcat,
and the 'Headless Man'. 
The Duke was granted his divorce, but the Duchess continued to entertain the public. She sued,
at one time or another, her daughter, her landlord, her bankers and her recently widowed step-
mother, who she accused (correctly, as it turned out) of having an affair with her ex-husband.
In her later years, the Duchess was much exercised by the servant problem. In the early 1980s
she fell out with Mrs Springett, who had looked after her for many years. Mrs Springett had 
been found unconscious next to an empty whisky bottle on the floor of the Duchess's bedroom.
Good relations were restored but the Duchess was obliged to send solicitor's letters instructing
Mrs Springett to stop calling her 'a silly old whore' in front of her guests.  In 1989, her Moroccan
maid was prosecuted for running up a large phone bill. Had the Duchess not been permanently
drunk, pleaded the maid, she would have remembered that she had given her permission to
telephone her family in Morocco. The maid was acquitted.
Throughout the 1970s and 1980s the Duchess continued to entertain lavishly in her Grosvenor
House apartment, but her final years were sad. Evicted from her Park Lane suite in 1990, she
became a resident in a Pimlico nursing home.
Speculation over the identity of the 'Headless Man' and the masturbating man continued after
her death. In a documentary titled "Secret History; the Duchess and the Headless Man" shown
on English television in August 2000, 'the Headless Man' was named as Duncan Sandys, later
Baron Duncan-Sandys, son-in-law of Winston Churchill and a cabinet minister at the time the
photo was taken. The man in the other photo was named as Douglas Fairbanks, Jr.
Jennifer Jane Forwood, Baroness Arlington (11th in line)
The barony of Arlington fell into abeyance in 1936 on the death of the 9th Duke of Grafton.
It was called out of abeyance in May 1999. The following article appeared in 'The Times' of
27 May 1999:-
'A 60-year-old housewife takes her seat in the House of Lords today after a two-year battle to
claim an ancient ancestral title.
'Jennifer Forwood, the wife of a retired financial adviser, won permission from the Queen to call
herself Lady Arlington at the same time that her right to sit in the Lords was being abolished.
'Lady Arlington will be one of only 17 women hereditary peers and the first Arlington to sit in
the House of Lords since 1685.
'The family title fell into abeyance in 1936 when the last Lord Arlington died aged 21 [22] at
the wheel of his Bugatti racing car. [the title was one of the subsidiary titles of the 9th Duke
of Grafton. For details of his death, see the note under that peerage]. Mrs. Forwood's mother,
the elder of his two sisters, could have claimed the title but chose not to do so.
'The newly ennobled Lady Arlington, a mother of two from Shaftesbury in Dorset, said
yesterday: "I did this for family reasons. When a title has been in abeyance for a hundred
years, it becomes extinct and I did not want that to happen. It is an English title and we are
losing so much of our heritage.
"The title will now stay to be passed down the family even after the House of Lords is abolished."
'Mrs. Forwood and her legal advisers began combing the ancient records in 1997 after the death
of her mother. The main obstacle was finding proof that the title could pass down through the
female line, as until the 20th century all the heirs had been male.
'The evidence was eventually found in the 17th-century letters patent held in the Public Record
Office at Kew.
'The title was created in 1645 [1665] for Sir Henry Bennett, a member of Charles II's inner
cabinet known as the Cabal, who had helped the King to regain the throne.
'Sir Henry, born in Harlington, East London, is said to have chosen the title so that his wife
would not be confused with another "Lady Bennet", a famous courtesan. The H [in Harlington]
was dropped when the patent was made out.
'The couple's only child was a daughter called Isabella and Lord Arlington begged the King to
allow the title to pass through the female line rather than become extinct.
'In 1672 Isabella married Henry FitzRoy, the first Duke of Grafton, who was also an illegitimate
son of Charles II. Until the 20th century, a male heir carried on the joint title of the Duke of
Grafton and Baron of Arlington.
'When the 9th Duke was killed in a race the Grafton title passed to a distant cousin, but the
barony fell into abeyance.
'Mrs. Forwood persuaded her surviving aunt to forfeit her right to the title and she finally
received her writ of summons. She said: "It has been a long two years but it is fascinating to
look back at the family history. It was quite an adventure and we finally came across the
correct documentation.
"I believe my family seat is in Norfolk, but of course the Duke of Grafton and his ancestors
[descendants] are entitled to that now."
'Baroness Arlington will take her place in the second chamber today in a brief and simple oath-
taking ceremony at which peers are not required to wear robes.'
Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour
The following is extracted from 'The New Extinct Peerage 1884-1971' by L G Pine [Heraldry
Today, London, 1972].
Sir Thomas Arundell [was] born ca 1560 and imprisoned in 1580 for his zeal as a Roman Catholic,
but in 1588 subscribed £100 toward defeating the Spanish Armada. At an early age he went as
a volunteer to the Imperial Army and served very valiantly against the Turks capturing a
standard from them at Gran in Hungary. The Emperor, Rudolph II, thereupon created him a Count
of the Holy Roman Empire………. The Emperor's edict commended Arundell to Queen Elizabeth I,
but she took a very different view of the matter on his return to England. In [Pine's] preface
to the 102nd edition of Burke's Peerage [1959], in commenting on the use of foreign titles by
British subjects, [Pine] wrote……
'The classical case on which the question was formally raised and decided is that of Thomas,
1st Lord Arundell of Wardour who had gone with the Queen's consent and with letters of
recommendation from her to serve the Emperor against the Turks. For the conspicuous
bravery that he had shown in action he was made a Count of the Holy Roman Empire. When he
came back with his new dignity he found the Queen furiously angry with him and public opinion
on her side. The Peers made a formal representation against any recognition of his title, saying
'that it belongeth only to the Prince and not to any other to confer dignities on his own
subjects!' He was committed to the Fleet Prison for two months and banished from court. The
Queen settled the question of the recognition of foreign titles by a famous pronouncement:
'As chaste women ought not to cast their eyes upon any other than their own husbands, so
neither ought subjects to cast their eyes upon any other prince than him whom God hath set
over them. I would not have my sheep branded with another man's mark; I would not have them
follow the whistle of a strange shepherd.'
Blanche Arundell, wife of the 2nd Baron Arundell of Wardour (1583-1649)
Blanche was the 6th daughter of Edward Somerset, 4th Earl of Worcester. She married Thomas
Arundell, 2nd Baron Arundell of Wardour in 1607. She is remembered for her gallant defence of
Wardour Castle during the English Civil War.
The Arundell family was of Cornish descent but had lived in Wiltshire for 200 years when the 
English Civil War broke out. Like most of the west of England, Wiltshire strongly supported the
Royalist cause. When the fighting began, Lady Arundell's husband and son, together with most
of their retainers, went off to join the King's armies in the field, leaving only 50 men to stay with
Lady Blanche, her daughter-in-law, Cecily, and Cecily's two young sons, aged 9 and 7 and her
young daughter.
In 1643, Charles I was obliged to collect his scattered forces to make up an army to relieve
Reading. As a result, the Royalist garrison at Malmesbury was withdrawn. The local Parliamentary
commander, Sir Edward Hungerford, took advantage of this withdrawal by moving his forces out
of Somerset into Wiltshire. On the afternoon of 2 May 1643, he reached Wardour and, finding it 
very strong, summoned a Colonel Strode with his forces to his aid. This made, in all, an army of
around 1300 to besiege a castle of little military value and housing no more dangerous an enemy
than a 60-year-old woman, a younger woman with 3 children and some servants and retainers.
Hungerford sent out a trumpeter calling upon Lady Blanche to surrender the castle, on the 
pretext that the castle 'being a receptacle of cavaliers and malignants, both Houses of
Parliament had ordered it to be searched for men and arms.' Lady Blanche refused this command,
replying that 'I have a command from my lord [her husband] to keep it, and I will obey that
command.'
The only weapons in the castle were muskets and cross-bows. The castle itself had not been
built for military purposes and was nestled on the side of a slope, so that on three sides the
rising ground gave the attackers an advantage.
As soon as the sun was well up the following morning, cannons began to bombard the castle,
continuing without respite for six days. The first shot crashed into the banqueting-hall, smashing
the great chimney-piece of red marble. The defenders valiantly responded with a hail of musket
fire. The few men in the castle had to stay at their posts without sleep, and almost without 
food, since Lady Blanche and the other women were kept busy loading the defenders' muskets.
During the first four days of the siege, Hungerford, on several occasions offered terms of
surrender, guaranteeing safe quarter to the women and children, but not to the men. Lady
Blanche replied steadily that she and the women with her preferred to die rather than accept
such terms.
After the rejection of this offer, the Parliamentarians exploded two mines. The first was laid in a
passage to a vault through which beer and wood were brought into the castle. Because it
exploded outside the castle's foundations, it did little damage. However, the second mine was
exploded in vaults honeycombing the foundations of the castle and caused major damage to
those foundations. 
By the sixth day, the attackers had succeeded in being able to throw balls of fire through the
shattered windows, and all hope of holding the castle was lost. Agreeing to a parley, Lady 
Blanche stated her terms - everyone in the castle must be given quarter, men and women alike,
and the women must be allowed to make disposal of their clothes. Six serving men were to be
allowed to attend Lady Blanche and all the furniture and goods within the castle were to be
guaranteed immunity from plunder.
Lady Blanche, her daughter-in-law and the three children were taken as prisoners to Shaftesbury.
Hungerford did not, however, fulfil the remainder of his undertaking. The interior of the castle
was stripped bare, paintings were ripped off the walls and torn to pieces, all of the outhouses
were burned down, all of the ancient oaks and elms were cut down. In short, they attempted to
destroy as much as possible, probably influenced by the fact that around 60 of their number had
been killed in the siege.
Meanwhile. Lady Blanche's husband had been wounded in battle and had died at Oxford, soon 
after he had received the news that the castle had fallen and that his wife and his son's family 
had been made prisoners of war. The two young boys were separated from their mother and sent
to Dorchester.
After Hungerford's men had trashed the castle, it was maintained as a garrison with Colonel 
(later Lieutenant-General) Edmund Ludlow (c 1617-1692) as its Governor. He had no sooner
ensconced himself in the castle than Henry Arundell, Lady Blanche's son and, following the
death of his father, 3rd Baron Arundell of Wardour, appeared and demanded its surrender.
Ludlow refused, and in December 1643, the castle was again under siege, eventually falling
on 18 March 1644. Arundell spared Ludlow's life and tried to exchange him for his two children,
but without immediate success, although he eventually recovered his children in an exchange
of prisoners later in the year.
In due course the entire family was re-united. Lady Blanche died at Winchester in October 1649
and was buried at Tisbury, near Salisbury. Her epitaph reads 'Who shall find a valiant woman? 
The price of her is a thing brought afar, and from the uttermost coast. The heart of her 
husband trusteth in her.' This quotation is from Proverbs 31:10.
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